Estructura informativa y orden de palabras en las cláusulas de relativo restrictivas

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Publicado 19-05-2023

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Ana Ojea
Universidad de Oviedo
España
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3873-7895
Vol 50 (2023), Artigos
DOI https://doi.org/10.15304/verba.50.7678
Recibido: 29-04-2021 Aceptado: 23-06-2021 Publicado: 19-05-2023
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Resumo

Este trabajo analiza la estructura de constituyentes de las cláusulas de relativo restrictivas para explicar por qué en español, frente a lo que ocurre en otras lenguas como el inglés, el sujeto y el verbo pueden ordenarse en ellas de manera distinta a como lo hacen en las oraciones independientes. Se defiende que en las relativas restrictivas, cláusulas subordinadas de contenido presupuesto, el constituyente más prominente desde el punto de vista informativo es el sintagma relativo, que reactiva la referencia del antecedente para conectarlo con la información del fondo común; el relativo será, por tanto, la base intencional bajo la que se organiza el resto del contenido de la oración. Asumiendo las premisas básicas de economía de las teorías generativistas recientes, se analizan en esta línea los factores de tipo discursivo que explican la posición del sujeto en estas cláusulas, así como la imposibilidad de que en ellas se dé el fenómeno de inversión locativa que sí es posible, sin embargo, en otras cláusulas no asertivas.

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cláusulas de relativo restrictivas, estructura de constituyentes, base intencional, presuposición, prominencia informativa
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