Formas e interpretacións do progresivo: o caso curioso do caboverdiano

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Publicado 01-08-2018

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Fernanda Pratas
Universidade de Lisboa
Portugal
http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5749-0600
Biografía
Vol 10 (2018), Pescuda, páxinas 103-128
DOI https://doi.org/10.15304/elg.10.5045
Recibido: 07-04-2018 Aceptado: 24-07-2018 Publicado: 01-08-2018
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O progresivo pode ser descrito como unha forma perifrástica (auxiliar + verbo non finito; por exemplo en inglés: be + V-ing) que denota unha situación en desenvolvemento nun tempo determinado, sexa este un instante ou un intervalo. Esta idea xeral, con todo, enfróntase con dous desafíos descritivos: (i) esas mesmas formas poden xurdir asociadas a outras lecturas temporais; (ii) a interpretación progresivo pode tamén obterse a través doutras formas gramaticais. O presente artigo aborda estes aparentes desencontros partindo da perspectiva de dúas variedades do caboverdiano, cuxas combinacións entre formas e significados do progresivo poden achegar unha contribución crucial para a resolución deste crebacabezas lingüístico. A descrición e a discusión de novos datos apoian os dous pasos que constitúen, para esta lingua crioula de base lexical portuguesa, unha proposta completamente nova: (a) os morfemas superficialmente diferentes que marcan o progresivo resultan dun único percorrido diacrónico, implicando o marcador preverbal ta e un ciclo do progresivo completo; (b) se encadrarmos a lectura temporal do progresivo de forma lixeiramente diferente, considerando a existencia, en condicións pragmáticas específicas, dun estadio precursor, polo menos un dos desencontros arriba referidos queda resolto. Unha contribución adicional da presente discusión relaciónase coa expresión da referencia temporal nas linguas naturais, máis concretamente co feito de as lecturas de pasado, presente e futuro non dependeren necesariamente de morfemas que comporten eses valores específicos.

Palabras chave

caboverdiano, morfoloxía de tempo, variación, progresivo, referencia temporal
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