Competencias en TIC del profesorado en Galicia: variables que inciden en las necesidades formativas.

Abstract

The integration of ICT in the classroom requires, among other factors, that teachers are provided with the necessary skills for technical use, educational use and design of digital materials and environments that allow them to individualised and adaptable teaching. However, previous studies have revealed the existence of deficiencies in teachers training to use ICT as an educational resource. The aims of this research were to assess the degree of acquisition of competences on technical management, educational use and design of digital educational media and environments of teachers of different educational levels (nursery and primary education, secondary education and job training), as well as checking whether gender, age and/or educative levels are factors modulating the degree of teachers’ ICT competences. For this, a previously validated questionnaire was administered to a sample of 676 teachers in Galicia. Teachers reported higher skills in the technical use than in the didactic use and media design. In addition, although age and educative level of the teachers continue to modulate the level of instrumental skills, the main factor affecting the acquisition of ICT competences was the gender of teachers, as female teachers claimed to have lower competences than male teachers in all the dimensions evaluated. Therefore, the teachers’ ICT training continues to present serious limitations, which require a training more focused on the educational use of ICT and the development of digital materials and educational environments that allow teachers to integrate ICT based on their actual classroom needs.