In Mexico, the services sector plays a prominent role in productive activity due to the effects of manufacturing production oriented toward foreign trade. The growth of services has little impact on economic growth due to its low interaction with other sectors and the lack of industry maturity. However, a concerning aspect is the increase in manufacturing production, which heavily depends on the use of imported inputs. The research applies the Input-Output model methodology and Growth Analysis using the Input-Output Tables from 2000 and 2018 published by the OECD to examine the effect of production and the use of factors in the services sector on economic growth. The study concludes that, in the short term, the growth of services is driven by the industry's impact. In contrast, in the long term, services follow a growth path heavily reliant on imported intermediate inputs, similar to industry.

Area payments are a key instrument of the European Union’s Common Agricultural Policy. However, their effectiveness as a tool for supporting farmers’ incomes is weakened by the phenomenon of capitalisation. The aim of this study is to identify the mechanism by which area payments stimulate inputs of agriculture production factors and to examine how subsidies granted in the form of area payments are transformed into remuneration for production factors. The research methodology used includes economic modelling and marginal analysis. It is demonstrated that area payments change the allocation of resources compared to the allocation driven by the market mechanism (resulting in a greater engagement of production factors in agricultural production than would be the case in the absence these subsidies) and also affect the level and structure of the remuneration for production factors in agriculture. A theoretical decomposition of the remuneration of production factors into income from non-land production factors and land rent has been carried out.

This study examines the willingness to pay (WTP) of Costa Rican consumers for certified coffee. Two marketed coffee ecolabels (Fairtrade and Carbon Neutral) are considered, as well as non-marketed environmental certification (ISO 14001) to allow for comparison. A discrete choice experiment reveals that consumers are willing to pay a significant price premium for any of these three certifications. In a context where ensure equitable and sustainable conditions in the production of agricultural goods and taking action to combat climate change by reducing greenhouse gases is imperative, our results show that certified coffee, particularly fair trade and carbon neutral coffee, receive price premiums from Costa Rican consumers. Thus, eco-labels can serve as a means of promoting more sustainable practices within the coffee value chain.

Governments and organizations encourage companies to measure and report their environmental impact. However, in Latin America, a standardized framework for companies to disclose environmental information has yet to be established. This article investigates changes in CO2 emission intensity and water usage, as well as the effects of corporate actions related to environmental mitigation and adaptation. To this end, we created two indices—one for adaptation and one for mitigation—using data from 672 publicly listed companies across six Latin American countries from 2017 to 2023. We conducted an analysis using a structural equation model to measure the effects on company value, water usage intensity, and CO2 emissions in relation to sales. The findings suggest that reported mitigation actions effectively reduced companies' CO2 intensity. However, no evidence was found that adaptation actions reduced water usage. These results are based on data from one-third of the listed companies that disclose environmental information. This group invested the equivalent of 0.70% of their sales in sustainability. Addressing climate change moving forward will require deeper engagement in new environmental actions and the involvement of a broader range of companies.