Igualdade e diferença nas sociedades imaginárias da literatura utópica e distópica, até principios do século XX

Abstract

This article attempts to examine some of the most famous imaginary societies from literature up to the beginning of the 20^th century – perceiving in these utopias and dystopias how the problem of Equality, and its conciliation or contrast with the idea of Difference, was treated. The authors examined are Plato, Thomas More, Campanella, Francis Bacon, Étienne Cabet, Edward Bellamy, H. G. Wells, Aldous Huxley, Charles Fourier, Saint-Simon, among others. An initial introduction to the patterns of distribution of this Equality, which takes into consideration the reflections of Norberto Bobbio and Amartya Sen, gives support to the construction of an explicative scheme that will function as an instrument in the comparison of the perceptions of how Equality is distributed in each of the utopias and dystopias examined.