DESENVOLVEMENTO ECONÓMICO REXIONAL DE ESPAÑA, 1986-2013: 25 ANOS DE EVOLUCIÓN

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María-Carmen GUISÁN
Universidade de Santiago de Compostela
España
Vol. 26 Núm. 2 (2017), Artículos, Páginas 143-154
DOI: https://doi.org/10.15304/rge.26.2.4448
Recibido: 01-12-2017 Aceptado: 01-12-2017 Publicado: 01-12-2017
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Resumen

Neste estudo presentamos unha síntese da evolución do desenvolvemento
económico rexional de España durante 25 anos no período 1986-2013. Malia que o
incremento tanto do emprego non agrario como da renda real por habitante foi positivo
en todas as Comunidades Autónomas, hai que constatar que moitas rexións poderían ter
experimentado un incremento maior de renda real por habitante se as políticas
económicas, tanto a nivel rexional, como nacional e europeo, apoiaran en maior medida o
desenvolvemento industrial. Isto débese a que a evidencia empírica amosa a importancia
das leis de Kaldor, con respecto aos efectos positivos que a industria ten sobre os sectores
de servizos e outros sectores produtivos, incrementando a produtividade xeral e a renda
per cápita. No conxunto de España o incremento da renda real producida por habitante
superou os 4000 euros a prezos constantes do ano 2000. Destacan, con incrementos
superiores á media nacional, as seguintes Comunidades Autónomas: Aragón, Castela e
León, Cataluña, Galicia, Madrid, Navarra e País Vasco. Preséntase tamén unha
comparación do conxunto de España con outros países da OCDE e destácase a necesidade
de recuperar e impulsar o desenvolvemento industrial en moitas rexións españolas.

In this study we present a synthesis of the evolution of the regional economic
development of Spain for 25 years in the period 1986-2013. Although the increase in nonagricultural
employment and real per capita income has been positive in all Autonomous
Communities, it should be noted that many regions may have experienced a higher
increase in per capita real income if economic policies, both at the regional as national and
European levels, would have been more supportive of industrial development. This is
because the empirical evidence shows the importance of Kaldor's laws with regards to the
positive effects that industry has on the service sectors and other productive sectors,
increasing overall productivity and per capita income. In the whole of Spain, the increase
in real income produced per inhabitant, for the period 1995-2010, exceeded 4000 Euros
at constant prices in the year 2000. The following Autonomous Communities stand out as
having had increases higher than the national average: Aragon, Castile and Leon,
Catalonia, Galicia, Madrid, Navarre and the Basque Country. This study also presents a
comparison of economic development between Spain and other OECD countries, for this
period, and highlights the need to recover and boost industrial development in many
regions of Spain.

Palabras clave:

Produción rexional por sector, poboación e emprego nas rexións españolas, 25 anos de desenvolvemento rexional en España, Regional Production by sector, Population and Employment in Spanish Regions, 25 years of regional development in Spain.
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