El patrón desigual de crecimiento europeo: un análisis semiparamétrico a nivel regional

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Daniel Rodríguez González
Universidade de Santiago de Compostela
España
Xavier Vence Deza
Universidade de Santiago de Compostela
Vol. 22 (2013): Economía de la desigualdad, Extraordinario
DOI: https://doi.org/10.15304/rge.22.Extra.1396
Recibido: 19-09-2013 Aceptado: 19-09-2013
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Resumen

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la relación entre la desigualdad y la renta disponible equivalente a nivel regional y contrastar el tipo de relación existente entre ambas variables en la Unión Europea (UE) en el contexto del modelo de crecimiento neoliberal. En este trabajo estimamos un modelo con datos de panel mediante el método de mínimos cuadrados ordinarios (MCO) de efectos fijos y, además, analizamos la posible existencia de autocorrelación espacial en el modelo y la necesidad de implementación de modelos espaciales. Una aportación novedosa es la estimación mediante análisis semiparamétrico, que permite no condicionar la función relacional. El análisis semiparamétrico, a diferencia de un análisis no paramétrico, nos permitirá introducir otras variables mediante una función lineal definida como, por ejemplo, la desigualdad inicial, la densidad de población, el empleo en distintos sectores (industry mix) o las transferencias. Esta aplicación del análisis semiparamétrico es una contribución relevante de este trabajo, ya que todavía es una técnica novedosa para el estudio de la desigualdad.

Palabras clave:

Desigualdad, Renta, Regiones europeas, Curva de Kuznets, Análisis semiparamétrico
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