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Mauricio Herrera Jaramillo
Universidade de São Paulo
Brazil
Biography
César Siqueira Bolaño
Universidade Federal de Sergipe
Brazil
Biography
Vol 4 No 16 (2022): Political Economy of Communication and Cultural Studies | Poverty, Hunger and Migration, Essays
DOI: https://doi.org/10.15304/ricd.4.16.8496
Submitted: 28-05-2022 Accepted: 28-05-2022 Published: 06-07-2022
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Abstract

From a historical perspective, this paper aims to show how, during the 1970s, and from the approach of dependency theories, culture took center stage in the problem of development/underdevelopment in Latin America. Drawing on Celso Furtado's structuralist approach - described in the second part of the paper - we take up the notion of the ‘demonstration effect’, referenced as structural and inherent to the problem of underdevelopment from the 1950s onwards. To this end, we consider the proposals made from critical communication studies by authors such as Albertro Baltra, Edmundo Flores or Luis Ramiro Beltrán. Baltra and Flores approach this issue from the perspective of the effect of social upheaval and its roots in the social structure; an analysis that differs from the perspective prevailing until then, which characterised underdevelopment as inherent to cognitive problems or associated with a supposed cultural backwardness of Latin American countries. On the other hand, this paper also describes the proposal of the Political Economy of Communication and Culture, which, based on a theoretical-methodological development, argues that, when analyzing the contradictions of capital, it is necessary to add to the traditional capital-labour contradiction (subsumption of labour into capital), the analysis of the economy-culture contradiction (subsumption of popular culture into the economy), as a starting point to overcome the limitations of the ‘demonstration effect’. It is thus possible to understand the cultural industry as a mediator in the processes that favour the strengthening of cultural dependency in the periphery, and thus to understand the real meaning of the concept of the ‘demonstration effect’.