Dependencia de la trayectoria política en una región menos desarrollada: La evolución de la política regional de innovación en Gales (Reino Unido)
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El artículo analiza el concepto de dependencia de la trayectoria en las políticas y tiene como objetivo examinar cómo surgen diferentes trayectorias en la política y cómo estas cambian con el tiempo. Se realiza un estudio de caso sobre el desarrollo de políticas regionales de innovación en Gales (Reino Unido), durante un período de más de treinta años. Basado en desarrollos recientes en estudios regionales y geografía económica, el artículo señala que la dependencia de la trayectoria (path dependency) es una característica inevitable del proceso de políticas a nivel regional. A partir de análisis documental y entrevistas con los responsables políticos, descubre que las decisiones políticas tomadas temprano en la creación de una trayectoria (para apoyar la innovación tecnológica) son cruciales, a pesar de los intentos de ampliar la senda hacia una forma más inclusiva de política de innovación en Gales. Aunque la dependencia de la trayectoria, más evidente en la política de tecnología básica y los instrumentos de I + D, no ha impedido la experimentación de nuevas vías, los resultados sugieren que la rigidez y la renovación coexisten en las políticas y en el proceso político para la innovación regional a lo largo del tiempo. Los resultados contribuyen al creciente interés en la dinámica temporal del cambio de políticas a nivel regional y en la complejidad de las políticas, particularmente en las regiones menos desarrolladas.
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