Del Marqués de Villa-Alcázar a Rafael Gil: tierra, patria y nacionalcatolicismo en los documentales agrarios españoles de los años cuarenta

Abstract

The recent recovery, digitisation and cataloguing of the cinema documentaries of Marqués de Villa-Alcázar revealed a type of fi lmmaking characterised not only by its teachings on agricultural issues, but also by its inculcation of the ideological values of the early years of the Franco regime. As result, there emerged in the 1940’s a form of documentary making that took as its cue offi cially sanctioned fi lms, such as those shot by the Marqués de Villa-Alcázar and produced by the Ministry of Agriculture, as well as non-offi cial fi lms, such as the four shorts made by Rafael Gil in the Canary Islands. Taking an analytical study of these fi lms as its starting point, this paper focuses on the defi nition and characterisation of the propaganda- and doctrine-based model of the Spanish agriculturethemed documentary.