This article aims at studying in more detail the marriage behaviour of French women who emigrated to Catalonia in the 16^th and 17^th centuries within the context of the great migratory wave that the Hispanic Monarchy received. Thus, fir the first time, the Marriage License Books from de Cathedral of Barcelona, compiled in the Barcelona Historical Marriage Database; the marriage records of the Diocese of Barcelona and the French Register of 1637, have been nominally linked. The main results show a high level of geographic and social homogamy in their marriages as a consequence of an important imbalance in the marriage market. In this sense, for every nine French men, we find only one French woman. Likewise, the women were gathered in the lowest layers of the society, declaring that they were basically daughters of peasants and journal laborers.

This article examines the impact of the military victories achieved by the Duke of Vendôme in Brihuega and Villaviciosa de Tajuña on December 9 and 10, 1710, during the preliminary phases of the Utrecht peace negotiations, carried out by French diplomacy. Leveraging the momentum gained on the battlefield, the Marquis of Torcy, through various agents, explored alternative solutions to the progressing peace negotiations with Great Britain. This pragmatic approach to the possibilities offered by military triumph allows us to emphasize the significance of the battle as a diplomatic event capable of influencing peace processes. In a broader sense, it proposes a perspective that underscores diplomacy through force as an integral part of international relations.

The present work aims to bring us close to the world of pimping in Salamanca at the end of the 16th century and the beginning of the following century. Through the judicial criminal processes, preserved in the Diocesan Historical Archive of Salamanca, we will attempt to know who developed this type of practises, their ways of proceeding, their clients and the punishments to which they were subjected by the ecclesiastical authority. On the other hand, we try to stablish similarities or differences with the protagonist of La Celestina, one of the quintessential references of women dedicated to procuring.

AWithin the American Revolutionary War (1776-1783), that was joined by Spain in Juny 1779, the English Admiralty reinforced the squadron at Madras to strengthen the defence of its colonies in Southeast Asia, the trade of the East India Company (EIC), and fight against the French in India. With the reference to the successful capture of Manila by a British expedition in 1762 on the memory, France and Spain presumed that the British were contemplating a new attack on Manila. In September 1778, the governor of the Philippines, José Basco y Vargas, learned from the French governor of Pondichery that France was at war against England. Anticipating that Spain would soon enter the war, becaucse of the Family Pact he designed a full defensive program for Cavite and Manila with the view to a long siege, leaving nothing to chance. All the necessary help: expert sailors, frigates, money, troops, supplies, gunpowder, was send from the Mexican viceroyalty.

This paper reconstructs, through the intersection of documentary collections from Spanish and Portuguese archives of varied nature (ministerial, diplomatic, consular, military, police, etc.), the sequence of arrival in Portugal of Spanish liberals between 1826 and 1828, during the constitutional regency of Infanta Dª Isabel Maria. Moreover, it establishes the dating, location, and organization of the created internment centers, which depend on the Administrative Commission for Spanish refugees, as well as the system of paid subsidies. Finally, the number and socio-professional composition of the Spanish emigrants housed in the internment centers from 1826 to 1828 are quantified.

We know that the regions that currently comprise the Basque Country held a crucial position in the Castilian maritime economy during the Early Modern Age, and port trade was bidirectional, meaning that products circulated both from the sea to various inland populations and vice versa. The Basque economic boom from the Late Middle Ages was partly related to the legal, administrative, and economic status that revitalized the Basque economy and the road network that structured land commerce. Additionally, different ranges of products circulated depending on whether the regional market dealing with the port was local or from the interior of the Iberian Peninsula. In this case, we will focus exclusively on the land commerce of the ports on the Eastern coast of Bizkaia, primarily in Bermeo, Lekeitio, and Ondarroa, which are currently located within the Lea-Artibai ans Busturialdea regions.

The available sources about the expenditure of the Royal Treasury of Castile, the main financial support of the Spanish Monarchy, allow us to quantify the volume of expenditure, its structure and evolution in the 17th century. At the time of greatest momentum in this trajectory during the reign of Philip IV, annual spending increased around 70% compared to the average of the previous reign. After 1640, expenses remained at very high levels, although they tended to decline, especially after the Peace of the Pyrenees. The decline accelerated throughout the reign of Charles II, reaching the lowest levels since the beginning of the century after 1688 and remaining that way until the first years of the reign of Philip V, just before the beginning of the War of Succession. The structure of expenditure remained very simple, although the constant predominance of war funds and debt service —which was a result of the previous one— was accompanied in the reigns of Philip IV and Charles II by the increase in financial costs, an inevitable consequence of the fiscal deficit, and court spending, a result in turn of the growing weight of royal patronage in the society of the time.