A relação política-administração. Que se conclui da revisão sistemática da iteratura mais recente?
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Pesquisas anteriores caracterizaram a literatura mais antiga (anterior a 2010) acerca da relação política-administração, concluindo que a estrutura de conhecimento dessa literatura se podia classificar como pré-paradigmática, pouco estruturada e muito assente em ensaios e não em evidência recolhida a partir de estudos empíricos. O conhecimento acerca da relação política-administração é fundamental para melhorar a eficiência da Administração Pública, assegurar o controlo democrático e a neutralidade da mesma, etc. O estudo que agora se apresenta retoma essas investigações anteriores, mas agora centrando-se na literatura mais recente, e tem por objetivo avaliar a literatura mais recente sobre o tema e perceber se se observam evoluções de natureza paradigmática face à literatura de períodos anteriores. O estudo incidiu sobre uma amostra de 20 artigos, publicados após 2010, e obtidos por pesquisa na Web of Science. Conclui-se que depois de 2010, o novo conhecimento resulta principalmente de estudos empíricos, e estes vão revelando que na prática da Administração Pública se vão alternando, consoante a situação, os modelos dicotómico e de complementaridade, criando-se assim uma configuração variável, no tempo e decorrente do tema, para o relacionamento política-administração. Não se podendo ainda falar da existência de um paradigma, mas parece ser possível falar-se de um protoparadigma, uma proposição que pode ser avaliada e caso se venha a confirmar, assumir-se efetivamente como um primeiro paradigma em Administração Pública. Essa proposição assenta na ideia da distinção, mas também da necessidade de trabalho em conjunto, dos dois corpos – eleitos e gestores públicos – e na ideia de alguma fluidez e variabilidade no modo como esse trabalho em conjunto ocorre.
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