Abstract

This paper deals with the possible use of Criminal Law in the prevention of reproductive and obstetric violence. An analysis contextualised in the limiting principles of ius puniendi, particularly taking into consideration the principles of ultima ratio, minimum intervention and subsidiarity. Previously, both forms of violence against women have been defined by means of instruments and texts emanating from international organizations and national regulations. For de most serious behaviours of reproductive violence, there is an indisputable penal response through the crimes or offences of bodily injuries and non-consensual abortion. Also for obstetric violence consisting of medical negligence, in this case through the crimes or offences of bodily injuries and even negligent homicide. Invasive interventions on physical integrity must be addressed from crimes or offences of bodily injuries violating the right to informed consent, another of the behaviours that make up the concept of obstetric violence. For the other manifestations of reproductive violence, depending on the concurrent circumstances, a penal response may also be found, ranging from crimes or offences against physical integrity and health and against freedom to offences against the Constitution. Criminal Law can also play its preventive role with regard to obstetric violence, mainly through crimes or offences that protect physical integrity and health, freedom and moral integrity.