Main Article Content

María del Mar Carrasco Andrino
Catedrática de Derecho penal. Universidad de Alicante
Spain
Vol. 46 (2025), Articles, pages 1-37
https://doi.org/10.15304/epc.46.11041
Submitted: 2025-11-12| Published: 2025-12-31

Abstract

This paper analyses the evolution of the intellectual property offense defined in Article 270 of the Spanish Penal Code, in light of successive legislative reforms and technological changes that have transformed the ways in which protected works and performances are exploited. It examines the scope of the offense's material object –the work and performance– and the introduction of the open-ended clause "exploitation in any other way" as a response to new forms of digital economic exploitation. In particular, it analyses the punishment of unauthorized transformation, as well as the challenges posed by generative artificial intelligence and the use of protected works in algorithmic training processes.