Dieta y selección de pasto por garranos ("Equus ferus atlanticus") de Galicia
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
During 119 hours, distributed over 2014 and 2015, a follow-up was carried out by direct and close observation on the natural pasture consumed by two Garrano mares (Equus ferus atlanticus) in habitats in the southwest of Galicia. During these observations, plant species consumed by the animals, those that they avoided, and those that they tried and rejected, were distinguished.
On average, the mares avoided consuming 57.46% of the 141 species they encountered. Among the phanerogams, certain species were eaten whenever encountered, while others were occasionally avoided, and others always avoided. The mares consumed a combination of herbaceous and woody species throughout the different seasons, among which plants of the Poaceae family and the Ulexgenus stood out. They never ingested Basidiomycetes or cryptogams, with the sole exception of Pteridium aquilinum (L.) during the summer. Similarly, they also avoided consuming the tree species present except oak (Quercus robur L.) acorns and, on rare occasions, willow (Salix atrocinerea Brot.) and oak (Quercus robur) leaves. There was some significant seasonal variation in the diet of the animals.
The results obtained in the present study can serve as a documentary basis for the management of the Garranos of Galicia, which are currently in a marked population decline.
Keywords:
Cited by
Article Details
References
Aldeazábal A., Mandaluniz N., Laskurain N.A. 2012. Gorse (Ulex spp.) use by ponies in winter: Is the spatial pattern of browsing independent of the neighbouring vegetation? Grass and Forage Science, 68: 49-58. Doi 101111/j 1365-2494.2012.00865.x.
Bárcena F. 2012. Garranos: os pòneis selvagens (Equus ferus sp.) do norte de península ibérica. Actas 1 Congresso Internacional do Garrano. Candidatura a patrimonio nacional. ATHACA. Vila Verde, pp.: 75 – 96.
Bas S. 2016. Dieta dos lobos dunha parte de Pontevedra: selección de presas e conservación. Braña, S.G.H.N., 14: 29-45 (29).
Bas S. 2017a. A dieta das greas de garranos salvaxes (Equus ferus sp.) da parte norte da Serra do Seixo (Pontevedra). Braña, S.G.H.N. 15: 5-11 (1).
Bas S. 2017b. Lobos (Canis lupus L.) matadores de garranos salvaxes adultos (Equus ferus atlanticus). Braña, S.G.H.N., 15: 29-32 (1).
Caamaño R.E. 2013. Los caballos en el arte y en la historia. Desde sus orígenes hasta la edad del Hierro. / Universidade de Vigo. 313 pp.
Fagúndez J. 2016. Grazing effects on plant diversity in the endemic Erica mackayana heathland community of north – west Spain. Plant Ecology Diversity, 2016. Vol. 9, nº 2: 207-217.
García X.R. 2013. Guía das plantas de Galicia. Edicións Xerais de Galicia, Vigo, 509 pp.
Granados-Sánchez P., Ruíz-Puga P., Barrera-Escorcia H. 2008. Ecología de la herbivoría. Rev. Chapingo, Serie Ciencias Forestales y del Ambiente. 14 (1): 51-63.
Iglesia P. 1973. Los caballos gallegos explotados en régimen de libertad o caballos salvajes de Galicia. Tesis doctoral. Fac. Veterinaria, Univ. Complutense de Madrid. 1205 pp.
Lagos L., Muñoz C.V., Fagúndez J. (2019). Manejo, problemática y oportunidades de los caballos salvajes de Galicia como herramienta de conservación de hábitats prioritarios en la Red Natura 2000. Galemys, 31: 35-45.
López-López C. et al. (2017). Diet selection and performance of horses grazing on different heatland Types. Animal Consortium, 11:10, pp: 1708-1717. doi: 10.1017/51751731117000465.
Martínez E., Verde C., Alvarez, X., Centelles B., Manso de la Torre X., Vilar X.L., Ledo M. 2017. O proxecto Equus: un novo paradigma nas escenas de caza da arte rupestre galega e do norte de Portugal. Revista de Estudos Miñoranos, nº 16-17 (2017).
Menard C., Duncan P., Fleurance G., Georges J.Y., Lila M. (2002). Comparative foraging and nutrition of Horses and Cattle in European Wetlands. Journal of applied Ecology, 39 (1): 120-133.
Mosquera-Losada S. 2013. O papel do cabalo salvaxe na reducción da biomasa forestal e risco de incendio. 1º Congreso galego Cabalos Salvaxes. Rábade, 2013. 14 pp.
Naundrup P.J., Svenning J.Ch. (2015). A Geographic assessment of the Global Scope for Rewilding with Wild-Living Horses (Equus ferus). Plos One 10 (7): e 0132359 doi: 101371.
Olsen F.W. & Hansen R.M. 1977. Food relations of Wild – free roaming horses to livestock and big game, red desert, Wyoming. Journal of Range Management. 30 (1): 17-21.
Pruvost M. et al. 2011. Genotypes of predomestic horses match phenotypes painted in Paleolithic Works of cave art. PNAS. Vol. 108. Nº 46: 18626-18630.
Rigueiro-Rodríguez A. et al. 2012. Horse grazing systems: understory biomass and plant biodiversity of a Pinus radiata stand. Sci Agric. (2012). Vol 69: 38-46.
Salter R.E. & Hudson R.J. 1979. Feeding ecology of feral horses in Western Albert. Soc. for Range Management. Vol. 32, nº 3: 221-225.
Schonecker K.A., et al. (2016) Habitat and Diet of Equids. In: J. I. Ramson & P. Kaczensky (eds.) Wild Equids: 41-57. Johns Hopkins University press: Baltimore. 229 pp.
Stary F. 1993. Plantas venenosas. Susaeta ediciones, S.A., 1993. 223 pp.
Warmuth V. et al. 2011. European Domestic Horses Originated in Two Holocene Refugia. PLos ONE. 6 (3): e 18194.
Xunta de Galicia 2012. Decreto 142/12, do 14 de xuño, polo que se establecen as normas de identificación e ordenación zoosanitaria dos animais equinos en Galicia. D.O.G. Nº 129; 6 de xullo.