Agora. Papeles de Filosofía

José Montoya (1936-2024). In memoriam

María Xosé Agra Romero (Author) — Wed, 26 Mar 2025 19:07:08 +0100

Daniel C. Dennett (1942-2024). In memoriam

Xavier de Donato Rodríguez (Author) — Wed, 26 Mar 2025 19:07:08 +0100

DEMOCRACY, COOPERATION AND CONFLICT. JOHN DEWEY IN AXEL HONNETH’S POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY

Germán David Arroyo, Juan Manuel Saharrea, Claudio Marcelo Viale (Author) — Wed, 26 Mar 2025 19:07:08 +0100

This paper analyzes the recovery of John Dewey's political philosophy by Axel Honneth. The aim of the paper is twofold. In the first place, it seeks to show that said recovery is directly associated with two crucial affinities that Honneth finds between the philosophies of Dewey and Hegel. Secondly, it argues that Honneth's interpretation tends to underestimate the dimension of social conflict in Dewey's work, which represents an obstacle to a possible recovery of his theory of democracy today. The hypothesis supported is that Honneth's harmonicist reading of Dewey has to do more with his own theoretical interests than with a genuine interpretation of Dewey's philosophy.

THOUGHT EXPERIMENTS: THE EPISTEMOLOGICAL PROBLEM

José Luis Rolleri (Author) — Wed, 26 Mar 2025 19:07:08 +0100

Thought experiments in physics involve epistemological questions such as: How can we learn about the world through merely thinking about imagined scenarios? Realist and empiricist philosophers face that question disregarding that such experiments are about idealized systems. We try to sustain that thought experiments, because of their very nature, neither provide new knowledge ─confirmed true statements─ nor new empirical data about the physical world. Instead, as Kuhn maintains, their import could improve our conceptual apparatus, allowing a new understanding of the physical world. As a study case, we analyze Einstein, Podolsky, and Rosen´s paradox to give support for these claims. The proposed novel topic in this paper is the study of such paradox in the light of Kuhn´s epistemological account of thought experiments.

THE DREAMS OF DESCARTES AND THE AWAKENING OF MODERN THOUGHT

Benito Arbaizar Gil (Author) — Wed, 26 Mar 2025 19:07:08 +0100

This paper tries to draw attention to the epistemological turn that accompanies the birth of modern thought. To this end, the decisive dreams that Descartes experienced at the age of 23 are used as a common thread. These dreams allow us to visualize a progressive transition from oneiric darkness to rational light that is concomitant with a transition from occultism (vigorous in the Renaissance) to rationalism. In this way, it is clarified why, although, as Hegel indicates, there are elements of modern philosophy that are announced in Böhme or in Francis Bacon, this does not find its anchoring point until it reaches Descartes, a point that ties the centrality of the subject to an epistemic turn destined to exile from scientific discourse both the qualitative language of Aristotelianism and the emotive language of Hermeticism.

THE PLACE OF “BIOPOLITICS” IN THE WORK OF MICHEL FOUCAULT

Emmanuel Chamorro (Author) — Wed, 26 Mar 2025 19:07:08 +0100

The purpose of this paper is to describe the uses of the concept of biopolitics in Michel Foucault's work to clarify its place in his intellectual trajectory. The main thesis of this work is that this concept helps the French thinker to analyze power relations from a non-coercive perspective, allowing him to move from the disciplinary to the governmental model, the two main approaches he developed in the 1970's. The work begins with an inventory listing the appearances of the terms belonging to the semantic field of biopower with the aim to establish a study of their different uses and the meaning that, in the context of an intellectual trajectory in permanent displacement, these terms are acquiring.

THE RADICAL REFORM OF PHILOSOPHY. SOME NOTES ON “RELATIVISM” AND “TRUTH” IN THE THOUGHT OF JOSÉ ORTEGA Y GASSET

Alejandro De Haro Honrubia, Roberto Brigati (Author) — Wed, 26 Mar 2025 19:07:08 +0100

The following pages deal with the relativism and the idea truth in the work of José Ortega y Gasset (1883-1955) regarding to his proposal of a radical reform of philosophy which is part of his critique of Modernity. A reform or transformation of philosophy that translates into the philosopher's attempt to make compatible the relativism that he corrects from his perspectivism or doctrine of the point of view that he understands as something mutable and temporary, and the idea of truth or truths as eternal, unique and invariable realities, affirming the Spanish philosopher that it is useless to try to violate our current sensibility that resists to dispense with both dimensions: the temporal and the eternal, just as he considers that uniting both dimensions has to be the great philosophical task for which he has procured a method with the name of “perspectivism”.

PROPOSAL FOR THE APPLICATION OF CRISTIAN CHALL'S METHODOLOGY FOR THE EVALUATION OF COSMOLOGICAL THEORIES OF THE PAST STATE

Arturo Gudiño (Author) — Wed, 26 Mar 2025 19:07:08 +0100

The starting point for this essay is to answer the question of why the so-called Past State of the Universe is an epistemic problem that is worth addressing, among other reasons, because if we do not accept its validity this would lead to a ‘skeptical catastrophe’. Subsequently, we review the theory evaluation methodology proposed by Dr. Cristin Chall, who elaborated it from a hybrid between the Scientific Research Programmes (SRPs) introduced by Imré Lakatos, together with the problem-solving capacity in scientific rationality, taken from Larry Laudan's research traditions methodology. Once Chall’s methodology has been reviewed, we intend to apply it to two theories (that of inflation and that of the Conformal Cosmological Cycle) which deal with the so-called cosmological Past State, in order to try to determine which of them is epistemically more viable. It should be noted that our purpose is not to invalidate any of these theories, but rather to carry out an exercise of evaluation of epistemic virtues from the philosophy of science, in this case focused on cosmology.

THE SUBALTERN POWER. AROUND THE ROLE OF “SUBALTERN GROUPS AND CLASSES” IN ANTONIO GRAMSCI’S PRISON NOTEBOOKS

Anxo Garrido Fernández (Author) — Wed, 26 Mar 2025 19:07:08 +0100

This paper aims to reconstruct the role and function that the concept of “subaltern groups and classes” plays in the conceptual architecture elaborated by Gramsci in his Prison Notebooks. For this purpose, we will examine the possible continuity between this concept and the notion of “creative popular spirit”. Furthermore we will trace the sources of Gramsci’s thought that converge in the latter. Finally, we will analyze the relation between the concept of “subalternity” and other two main concepts of gramscian thought: “passive revolution” and “privatization”. Thus, we aim to argue that privatization is one of the main forms of production of subalternity in capitalist modernity.

LANGUAGE AND THE LIMIT

Guillermo Aguirre (Author) — Wed, 26 Mar 2025 19:07:08 +0100

The following pages approach poetic language on the basis of the concept of limit. In contrast to everyday language, a poetic variant emerges that delves into the insufficiency of words and the expressive gaps, allowing for the discovery of new epistemic models. In order to address this issue, we will draw on specific considerations from several authors who, in recent times, have approached this topic from a theoretical perspective, often focusing on the relationship between the symbolic world and a principle of neurosis

ON THE PRESENCE OF THE OTHER IN THE CONSTITUTION OF THE KIERKEGAARDIAN SINGULAR: INSIDE AND OUTSIDE OF FEAR AND TREMBLING

Alipio Santiago Dacosta (Author) — Wed, 26 Mar 2025 19:07:09 +0100

The purpose of this paper is to clarify whether the subjectivity of the single individual in Kierkegaard is constituted, not only as a self-reflective and derived consciousness but, also, through the relationship with other individuals. The opening of the singular is not something obvious because Fear and Trembling (1843) shows how singularity requires canceling reason and general ethics, that is, the means by which the individual could relate himself and communicate with other individuals. Although the relationship between Abraham and Isaac plays an essential role for the relationship that Abraham maintains with God, justifying Abraham's action implies affirming the incommensurability between the interiority of the individual and the exteriority of ethics and, in fact, the description of the knight of faith in Fear and Trembling is similar to that of an isolated individual. The discourse of Works of Love (1847) allows us to nuance what was said in Fear and Trembling; in Works of Love, the Christian law is presented as a guarantee for certain ethical objectivity, linking the love to God with the love to the neighbor, what allows us to reinterpret the reduplication of Abraham as an expressly ethical task.

TROUBLES OF FREEDOM AND PLURALISM. FROM MODERN ASSOCIATIONISM TO HYPERBOLE OF THE CONTEMPORARY SELF

Rebeca Baceiredo (Author) — Wed, 26 Mar 2025 19:07:09 +0100

The social contract is the result of consensus. We trace the differences and similarities of modern authors when proposing the submission of particular interests – but not diverse ones – to the common good, as well as the need for institutional restriction of the rights assured with the pact. Contemporary appeals to unrestricted positive freedom by currents supposedly successors to liberalism go through an emotional and (neuro)cognitive homogenization that hyperbolizes the self while limiting individual singularity, facilitated by processes of digital socialization and, at the same time, encourage tribal populism and intolerance, putting in democracy or political forms at risk. We propose the recovery of politics as a dialogue or the commitment to unstable ontological positions that, in their immanence, learn to live in difference.

BECOMING INDIGENOUS OR THE WILL TO NOTHINGNESS. "ONTOLOGICAL CHOICE" IN EDUARDO VIVEIROS DE CASTRO AND RAY BRASSIER

María Yanina Solís Martín (Author) — Wed, 26 Mar 2025 19:07:09 +0100

This article begins with the observation that the contemporary works of Brazilian anthropologist Eduardo Viveiros de Castro and French philosopher Ray Brassier encourage readers to engage in speculative reflections. These reflections promote a certain ontological choice or stance concerning the impact of modern human reasoning on the planet and our ability to envision emancipatory futures. This work suggests that, in response to a widespread crisis and the shortcomings of contemporary lifestyles, the authors being examined present two distinct ontological stances: "becoming indigenous," as proposed by Eduardo Viveiros de Castro, and "the will to nothingness," as articulated by Ray Brassier.

GÖDEL AND THE VIENNA CIRCLE. THE EPISTEMOLOGICAL DIVERGENCE

Gabriel-Nicolás Cruz (Author) — Wed, 26 Mar 2025 19:07:09 +0100

The aim of this article is to emphasize the distance between Gödel’s though and the project of the Vienna Circle. The idea is to show that the theorems of young Gödel are answers to questions that cannot be asked within the epistemological framework of such project. I begin by explaining the formalist project in which Gödel’s big theorems are embedded. Secondly, I revisit the concept of logical truth that is introduced in the Principia Mathematica of Whitehead & Russell, to show the distance between their project and formalism. Thirdly, I revisit the main ideas of the Vienna Circle and how these are articulated in Carnap’s Aufbau. Building upon the previous points, I finish by arguing that the Vienna Circle’s project relies on epistemic presuppositions inherited from Russell to the point that it becomes evident how little it has to do with the work that young Gödel conducts towards his two big theorems.

Sommer, A. U.; Kaegi, D., eds. (2020). Karl Jaspers: Nietzsche. Basel: Schwabe Verlag

Osman Choque-Aliaga (Author) — Wed, 26 Mar 2025 19:07:09 +0100

Parcero Oubiña, O.; Perarnau Vidal, D.; Paula, M. G., eds. (2021). Heterodoxias: Filosofia e Literatura. Famalicão: Húmus

Susana Bellón Rey (Author) — Wed, 26 Mar 2025 19:07:09 +0100

Bruckner, P. (2024). Je souffre donc je suis. París: Grasset

Eguzki URTEAGA (Author) — Wed, 26 Mar 2025 19:07:09 +0100

Denker, A.; Groth, M.; Jenewein, J.; Zaborowski, H., eds. (2023). Heidegger und die Psychiatrie. Baden-Baden: Verlag Karl Alber

Joaquín Leyva Pueyo (Author) — Wed, 26 Mar 2025 19:07:09 +0100

Galán, F., coord. (2023). Entre realismos. México: Universidad Iberoamericana

Stee Hernández Cagua (Author) — Wed, 26 Mar 2025 19:07:09 +0100

Brown, W. (2023). Tiempos nihilistas. Madrid: Lengua de Trapo

Rosa Martínez González (Author) — Wed, 26 Mar 2025 19:07:09 +0100

Fraser, N. (2023). Capitalismo caníbal. Madrid: Siglo XXI

Jorge Ojeda-Cabrera (Author) — Wed, 26 Mar 2025 19:07:09 +0100

Brioso, J.; Díaz Álvarez, J. M. (2024). La lucidez confrontada. La filosofía política de Ortega en contrapunto. Madrid: Tecnos

María Xosé Agra Romero (Author) — Wed, 26 Mar 2025 19:07:09 +0100

Voegelin, E. (2022). Las religiones políticas. Madrid: Trotta

Juan José Burón Díaz (Author) — Wed, 26 Mar 2025 19:07:09 +0100

DeLanda, M. (2024). Ciencia intensiva y filosofía virtual. Buenos Aires: Tinta Limón

Luis A. Campillos Morón (Author) — Wed, 26 Mar 2025 19:07:09 +0100

Maiso, J. (2022). Desde la vida dañada. La teoría crítica de Theodor W. Adorno. Madrid: Siglo XXI

Carlota Míguez Domínguez (Author) — Wed, 26 Mar 2025 19:07:09 +0100

Libros recibidos

Oscar Parcero Oubiña — Wed, 26 Mar 2025 19:07:09 +0100